Thus, populists can be found at different locations along the left–right political spectrum, and there exist both left-wing populism and right-wing populism. According to the ideational approach, populism is often combined with other ideologies, such as nationalism, liberalism, or socialism. Populist parties and social movements are often led by charismatic or dominant figures who present themselves as "the voice of the people". Populists typically present "the elite" as comprising the political, economic, cultural, and media establishment, depicted as a homogeneous entity and accused of placing their own interests, and often the interests of other groups-such as large corporations, foreign countries, or immigrants-above the interests of "the people". Populists differ in how "the people" are defined, but it can be based along class, ethnic, or national lines. Ī common framework for interpreting populism is known as the ideational approach: this defines populism as an ideology which presents "the people" as a morally good force and contrasts them against "the elite", who are portrayed as corrupt and self-serving. Within political science and other social sciences, several different definitions of populism have been employed, with some scholars proposing that the term be rejected altogether. The term developed in the late 19th century and has been applied to various politicians, parties and movements since that time, often as a pejorative. It is frequently associated with anti-establishment and anti-political sentiment. Populism refers to a range of political stances that emphasize the idea of "the people" and often juxtapose this group against " the elite".
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